Friday, December 27, 2019

The Cabinet and Legislative of Malaysia - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 14 Words: 4310 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/09/25 Category Advertising Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? The Cabinet Definition of Cabinet A Cabinet is a body of high ranking members of the government, typically representing the executive branch. It can also sometimes be referred to as the Council of Ministers, an Executive Council, or Executive Committee. First Malaysia Cabinet The first cabinet of Malaysia traces its history back to 1955, it was formed to save temporarily before Malaya’s independence in 1957. The Cabinet Board 1955 Portfolio| Name| Chief Minister| Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra| Education| Tun Abdul Razak Hussein| Natural Resources| Tun Dr Ismail Datuk Abdul Rahman| Transport| Tun Henry Lee Hau Shik| Health and Social Welfare| Tun Leong Yew Koh| Posts and Telecoms| Tun Omar Yoke Lin Ong| Labour| Tun V. T. Sambanthan| Works| Tan Sri Haji Sardon Jubir| Housing, Local Government and Town Planning | Datuk Suleiman Abdul Rahman| Agriculture and Cooperative| Abdul Aziz Ishak| Following the independence of Malaya in 1957, a new and independent cabinet was formed with additional positions added. The Cabinet Board 1957 Portfolio| Office Bearer| Minister, Defence, Foreign Affairs| Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra| Deputy Prime Minister, Defence| Tun Abdul Razak Hussein| Agriculture and Cooperative| Abdul Aziz Ishak| Security/ External affair| Tun Dr Ismail Datuk Abdul Rahman| Finance| Tun Henry Lee Hau Shik| Labour and Social Welfare| Tun Omar Yoke Lin Ong| Health| Tun V. T. Sambanthan| Works, Posts and Telecoms| Tan Sri Haji Sardon Jubir| Natural Resources and Local Government | Datuk Suleiman Datuk Abdul Rahman| Transport| Abdul Rahman Talib| Justice| Tun Leong Yew Koh| Education| Tan Sri Mohamad Khir Johari| Trade and Industry| Tun Tan Siew Sin| The Latest Cabinet Board 2008 – 2010 The Barisan Nasional coalition won the general elections to the 12th Malaysian Parliament on March 8, 2008 and formed the government. Following Abdullah Ahmad Badawis resignation as Prime Minister, a new Cabinet was announced by new coalition leader, Najib T un Razak, on April 9, 2009 and were sworn in on April 10, 2009. Najib reshuffled his Cabinet on June 1, gress, swapping two ministers. The 3 main Parties of Barisan Nasional are * United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) * Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA) * Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC) Members Of Cabinet Ministers Y. A. B. DATO SRI MOHD. NAJIB BIN TUN HAJI ABDUL RAZAK PRIME MINISTER, MINISTER OF FINANCE Y. A. B. TAN SRI DATO HAJI MUHYIDDIN BIN MOHD. YASSIN DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER, MINISTER OF EDUCATION Y. B. SENATOR TAN SRI DR. KOH TSU KOON MINISTER IN THE PRIME MINISTERS DEPARTMENT Y. B. TAN SRI BERNARD GILUK DOMPOK MINISTER OF PLANTATION INDUSTRIES AND COMMODITIES Y. B. DATO SERI MOHAMED NAZRI BIN ABDUL AZIZ MINISTER IN THE PRIME MINISTERS DEPARTMENT Y. B. DATO SERI HISHAMMUDDIN BIN TUN HUSSEIN MINISTER OF HOME AFFAIRS Y. B. DATO SERI UTAMA DR. RAIS YATIM MINISTER OF INFORMATION, COMMUNICATION AND CULTURE Y. B. TAN SRI NOR MOHAMED BIN YAKCOP MINISTER IN THE PRIME MINISTE RS DEPARTMENT Y. B. DATUK PETER CHIN FAH KUI MINISTER OF ENERGY, GREEN TECHNOLOGY AND WATER Y. B. DATO SERI HJ. MOHD SHAFIE BIN HAJI APDAL MINISTER OF RURAL AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT Y. B. DATO SERI MOHAMED KHALED BIN NORDIN MINISTER OF HIGHER EDUCATION Y. B. DATO SRI MUSTAPA BIN MOHAMED MINISTER OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND INDUSTRY Y. B. DATUK SERI DR. MAXIMUS JOHNITY ONGKILI MINISTER OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION Y. B. DATO SRI DOUGLAS UGGAH EMBAS MINISTER OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT Y. B. DATO SRI DR NG YEN YEN MINISTER OF TOURISM Y. B. DATUK SERI HAJI NOH BIN OMAR MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE AND AGRO-BASED INDUSTRY Y. B. DATO SERI DR. AHMAD ZAHID BIN HAMIDI MINISTER OF DEFENCE Y. B. DATO SHAZIMAN BIN ABU MANSOR MINISTER OF WORKS Y. B. DATO SRI LIOW TIONG LAI MINISTER OF HEALTH Y. B. DATO AHMAD SHABERY CHEEK MINISTER OF YOUTH AND SPORTS Y. B. DATUK DR. S. SUBRAMANIAM MINISTER OF HUMAN RESOURCES Y. B. DATO SRI ISMAIL SABRI BIN YAAKOB MINISTER OF DOMESTIC TRADE, CO OPERATIVE AND CONSUMERISME Y. B. DATO SERI HAJI AHMAD HUSNI BIN MOHAMAD HANADZLAH MINISTER OF FINANCE (II) Y. B. DATO SERI KONG CHO HA MINISTER OF TRANSPORT Y. B. SENATOR DATO SERI SHAHRIZAT ABDUL JALIL MINISTER OF WOMEN, FAMILY AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT Y. B. DATO SRI ANIFAH BIN HJ. AMAN MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS Y. B. SENATOR DATO RAJA NONG CHIK BIN DATO RAJA ZAINAL ABIDIN MINISTER OF FEDERAL TERRITORIES AND URBAN WELLBEING Y. B. SENATOR MEJAR JENERAL DATO SERI JAMIL KHIR BIN BAHAROM MINISTER IN THE PRIME MINISTERS DEPARTMENT Y. B. SENATOR DATO SRI IDRIS JALA MINISTER IN THE PRIME MINISTERS OFFICE Y. B. DATO WIRA CHOR CHEE HEUNG MINISTER OF HOUSING AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT Summary of Cabinet Board Portfolio| Office Bearer| Party| Prime Minister of Malaysia Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia| Najib Tun Razak Muhyiddin Yassin| UMNO UMNO| Ministers in the Prime Ministers Department National Unity and Performance Management Law and Parliament Economic Planning Unit (EPU) Islamic Af fairs Performance Management and Delivery Unit (Pemandu) CEO| Koh Tsu Koon (Senator) Nazri Aziz Nor Mohamed Yakcop Jamil Khir Baharom (Senator) Idris Jala (Senator)| GERAKAN UMNO UMNO UMNO Independent| Minister of Finance Minister of Finance II| Najib Tun Razak Ahmad Husni Hanadzlah| UMNO UMNO| Minister of Education| Muhyiddin Yassin| UMNO| Minister of Transport| Kong Cho Ha| MCA| Minister of Plantation Industries and Commodities| Bernard Dompok| UPKO| Minister of Home Affairs| Hishammuddin Tun Hussein| UMNO| Minister of Information, Communications and Culture| Rais Yatim| UMNO| Minister of Energy, Green Technology and Water| Peter Chin Fah Kui| SUPP| Minister of Rural and Regional Development| Mohd Shafie Apdal| UMNO| Minister of Higher Education| Mohamed Khaled Nordin| UMNO| Minister of International Trade and Industry| Mustapa Mohamed| UMNO| Minister of Science, Technology and Innovation| Maximus Ongkili| PBS| Minister of Natural Resources and Environment| Douglas Uggah Embas| PBB| Minister of Tourism| Ng Yen Yen| MCA| Minister of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry| Noh Omar| UMNO| Minister of Defence| Ahmad Zahid Hamidi| UMNO| Minister of Works| Shaziman Abu Mansor| UMNO| Minister of Health| Liow Tiong Lai| MCA| Minister of Youth and Sports| Ahmad Shabery Cheek| UMNO| Minister of Human Resources| Subramaniam Sathasivam| MIC| Minister of Domestic Trade, Co-operatives and Consumerism| Ismail Sabri Yaakob| UMNO| Minister of Housing and Local Government| Chor Chee Heung| MCA| Minister of Women, Family and Community Development| Shahrizat Abdul Jalil (Senator)| UMNO| Minister of Foreign Affairs| Anifah Aman| UMNO| Minister of the Federal Territories and Urban Well-being| Raja Nong Chik Zainal Abidin (Senator)| UMNO| Cabinet of Malaysia is the executive branch of Malaysia’s Government which led by the Prime Minister. The cabinet is a council of members of ministers who are accountable collectively to the parliament according to the Article 43 of th e Constitution, members of cabinet can only be selected from members of either houses of Parliament. Yang di-Pertuan Agong Appoints all Ministers on the advice of the Prime Minister. Members of Cabinet shall not be a member of state legislative assembly, a cabinet member shall resign from the Assembly before exercising the functions of his office. Ministers other than the Prime Minister shall hold office during the pleasure of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, unless the appointment of any Minister shall have been revoked by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong on the advice of the Prime Minister but any Minister may resign his office. Cabinet Appointments By convention, members of the Cabinet are typically appointed from the lower house of Parliament, the Dewan Rakyat. Although Deputy Ministers may be appointed to each portfolio, they are not included in the Cabinet. The Cabinet used to meet weekly every Wednesday, but after the position of Parliamentary Secretary was removed and partial live telecast of Parliament proceedings began in 2008, the meetings were moved to Fridays whenever Parliament sat, to allow Ministers to personally answer questions during Question Time in Parliament Cabinet Composition The composition of Cabinet and the number of portfolios depends mainly on the wishes of the Prime Minister at the time. The Post of Finance Minister was one of the important most and so important as to be a necessity. The Deputy Prime Minister is one that exists by convention, and a Prime Minister could theoretically form a Cabinet without a Deputy. Deputy Ministers exist although they are not considered members of the Cabinet. None Parliamentary Secretary were appointed after 2008 Malaysia General Election. Deputy Ministers and Parliamentary Secretaries are also appointed from members of Parliament. Political Secretary exists and need not be members of Parliament. Members of Cabinet – Deputy Ministers Portfolio| Office Bearer| DEPUTY MINISTER OF NATURAL RESOURC E AND ENVIRONMENT| Y. B. TAN SRI DATUK SERI PANGLIMA JOSEPH KURUP| DEPUTY MINISTER IN THE PRIME MINISTERS DEPARTMENT| Y. B. DATUK LIEW VUI KEONG| DEPUTY MINISTER OF DEFENCE| Y. B. DATUK DR. HAJI ABDUL LATIFF BIN AHMAD| DEPUTY MINISTER OF INFORMATION, COMMUNICATION AND CULTURE| Y. B. DATO JOSEPH SALANG ANAK GANDUM| DEPUTY MINISTER OF RURAL AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT| Y. B. DATUK JOSEPH ENTULU ANAK BELAUN| DEPUTY MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE AND AGRO-BASED INDUSTRY| Y. B. DATO MOHD. JOHARI BIN BAHARUM| DEPUTY MINISTER OF HOME AFFAIRS| Y. B. DATUK WIRA ABU SEMAN BIN HAJI YUSOP| DEPUTY MINISTER IN THE PRIME MINISTERS DEPARTMENT| Y. B. SENATOR DATO DR. MASHITAH BINTI IBRAHIM| DEPUTY MINISTER OF WORKS| Y. B. DATO YONG KHOON SENG| DEPUTY MINISTER OF DOMESTIC TRADE, COOPERATIVE AND CONSUMERISME| Y. B. DATUK HAJJAH ROHANI BINTI ABDUL KARIM| DEPUTY MINISTER OF ENERGY, GREEN TECHNOLOGY AND WATER| Y. B. PUAN NORIAH BINTI KASNON| DEPUTY MINISTER OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND INDUSTRY| Y. B. DATO JACOB DUNGAU SAGAN | DEPUTY MINISTER OF EDUCATION| Y. B. DATUK IR. DR. WEE KA SIONG| DEPUTY MINISTER OF TRANSPORT| Y. B. TUAN JELAING ANAK MERSAT| DEPUTY MINISTER OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION| Y. B. TUAN HJ. FADILLAH BIN YUSOF | DEPUTY MINISTER OF FEDERAL TERRITORIES AND URBAN WELLBEING| Y. B. DATUK SARAVANAN A/L MURUGAN | DEPUTY MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS| Y. B. SENATOR TUAN A. KOHILAN PILLAY A/L G. APPU| DEPUTY MINISTER OF HIGHER EDUCATION| Y. B. DR. HOU KOK CHUNG | DEPUTY MINISTER OF PLANTATION INDUSTRIES AND COMMODITIES| Y. B. DATO HAMZAH BIN ZAINUDIN | DEPUTY MINISTER OF HUMAN RESOURCES| Y. B. SENATOR DATO MAZNAH BINTI MAZLAN| DEPUTY MINISTER OF HOUSING AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT| Y. B. DATUK SERI PANGLIMA HAJI LAJIM BIN HAJI UKIN| DEPUTY MINISTER OF FINANCE| Y. B. SENATOR DATUK DR. AWANG ADEK HUSSEIN| DEPUTY MINISTER OF WOMEN, FAMILY AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT| Y. B. SENATOR PUAN HENG SEAI KIE | DEPUTY MINISTER OF HEALTH| Y. B. DATUK ROSNAH BT. HAJI ABDUL RASHID SHIRLIN| DE PUTY MINISTER OF YOUTH AND SPORTS| Y. B. SENATOR TUAN GAN PING SHOU @ GAN PING SIEU| DEPUTY MINISTER OF TOURISM| Y. B. DATO DR. JAMES DAWOS MAMIT| List of Ministry and Role Ministry| Role| Finance| Helps to form the government budget, stimulate economy, and control finances. | Education| Responsible for Malaysian educational matters| Plantation Industries And Commodities| Formulate policies and strategies for development of plantation and commodity. Home Affairs| Security governance in state administer to ensure the security and public welfare| Information, Communication and Culture| Combines the three previous ‘Ministry of Information’, ‘Ministry of Energy, Water and Communications’ and ‘Ministry of Unity, Cultures, Arts and Heritage’| Green Technology and Water| Improves Power Sector, Building Sector, Water Sector and Handling Time, Transport Sector| Higher Education| Encourage the growth of premier knowledge center and individuals who are co mpetent, innovative with high moral values to meet national and international needs| Science Technology and Innovation| To ensure knowledge generation, wealth creation and societal well being| Agriculture and Agro-based Industry| Transformational leader Agriculture| Defense| Strengthening the management of strategic importance to national defense, national sovereignty and integrity secure. Health| Protecting and promoting public health and providing welfare and other social security services| Transport| Develop efficient, safe and effective transport systems and services| The legislative The legislative body is to draw up, amend and pass laws. It exists in both federal and state level. The delegated legislation is embodied in the Constitution permits the Cabinet to draw up and pass the laws on behalf of the Parliament . It consist of Yang di-Pertuan Agong and two assemblies of Parliament which is the House of Representative (HOR) and Senate. Yang di-Pertuan Agong does not involve in making the laws but the House of Representative and the Senate. The process of making laws is carried out with a great care. Composition and Power House of Representative consist of 222 member of Parliament elected based on the population in general election (which held every 5 years or Parliament is dissolve by YDPA with Prime minister advice). When a member dies or been disqualified or even resign a by-election will be held in order to choose another suitable member but if the tenure general election is less than two year then the place will be left empty until then. Seats from each party| No. | National Front  | 137| United Malays National Organization  (UMNO)| 78| Malaysian Chinese Association  (MCA)| 15| Malaysian Indian Congress  (MIC)| 4| Malaysian Peoples Movement Party  | 2| United Traditional Bumiputera Party  (PBB)| 14| Sarawak United Peoples Party  ( SUPP)| 5| Sarawak Progressive Democratic Party  ( SPDP)| 4| Sarawak Peoples Party  ( PRS)| 6| Uni ted Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organisation(UPKO)| 4| United Sabah Party  (PBS)| 3| United Sabah Peoples Party  (PBRS)| 1| Liberal Democratic Party  (LDP)| 1| Peoples Progressive Party  (PPP)| 0| Peoples Pact  (Pakatan Rakyat)| 76| Peoples Justice Party  (PKR)| 24| Islamic Party of Malaysia  (PAS)| 23| Democratic Action Party  (DAP)| 29| Socialist Party of Malaysia  (PSM)| 1| Sabah Progressive Party  (SAPP)| 2| Non-partisans/independents (and others)(1)  Konsensus Bebas  (Free Consensus)| 6| Vacant| 0| Overall total| 222| The list of Members Bil. |   Name| 1| Ab Aziz bin Ab Kadir, Y. B. Tuan Haji| 2| Ab. Halim bin Ab. Rahman, Y. B. Dato Haji| 3| Abd Khalid bin Ibrahim , Y. B. Tan Sri Dato Seri| 4| Abd. Hadi bin Awang, Y. B. Dato Seri Haji| 5| Abd. Rahman bin Bakri, Y. B. Datuk| 6| Abdul Ghapur bin Salleh, Y. B. Datuk Seri Panglima Haji| 7| Abdul Latif bin Ahmad, Y. B. Datuk Dr. Haji| 8| Abdul Manan bin Ismail, Y. B. Dato Haji| 9| Abdul Rahim bin Bak ri, Y. B. Datuk Haji| 10| Abdul Rahman bin Haji Dahlan, Y. B. Dato Haji| 11| Abdul Wahab bin Haji Dolah, Y. B. Datuk Haji| 12| Abdullah bin Haji Ahmad Badawi, Y. B. Tun Haji| 3| Abdullah bin Md Zin, Y. B. Dato Seri Dr. | 14| Abdullah Sani bin Abdul Hamid, Y. B. Tuan| 15| Abu Bakar bin Taib, Y. B. Dato Paduka| 16| Abu Seman bin Haji Yusop, Y. B. Datuk Wira| 17| Ago Anak Dagang, Y. B. Datuk| 18| Ahmad bin Haji Hamzah, Y. B. Datuk Wira Haji| 19| Ahmad bin Haji Maslan, Y. B. Datuk Haji| 20| Ahmad bin Kasim, Y. B. Tuan Haji| 21| Ahmad Husni bin Mohamad Hanadzlah, Y. B. Dato Seri| 22| Ahmad Lai bin Bujang, Y. B. Tuan Haji| 23| Ahmad Shabery bin Cheek, Y. B. Dato| 24| Ahmad Zahid bin Hamidi, Y. B. Dato Seri Dr. | 25| Alexander Nanta Linggi, Y. B. Datuk| 26| Amran bin Ab Ghani, Y. B. Tuan| 27| Anifah bin Haji Aman @ Haniff Amman, Y. B. Dato Sri| 28| Anwar bin Ibrahim, Y. B. Dato Seri| 29| Azalina Dato Othman Said, Y. B. Dato Sri| 30| Azan bin Ismail, Y. B. Tuan| 31| Azmi bin Khalid, Y. B . Dato Seri Haji| 32| Baharum bin Haji Mohamed, Y. B. Datuk Haji| 33| Bernard Giluk Dompok, Y. B. Tan Sri| 34| Billy Abit Joo, Y. B. Datuk| 35| Bung Moktar bin Radin, Y. B. Datuk| 36| Charles Anthony a/l R. Santiago, Y. B. Tuan| 37| Che Rosli bin Che Mat, Y. B. Dr. | 38| Che Uda bin Che Nik, Y. B. Tuan| 39| Chong Chieng Jen, Y. B. Tuan| 40| Chong Eng, Y. B. Puan| 41| Chor Chee Heung, Y. B. Dato Wira| 42| Chow Kon Yeow, Y. B. Tuan| 43| Chua Soon Bui, Y. B. Datuk| 44| Chua Tee Yong, Y. B. Tuan| 5| Chua Tian Chang, Y. B. Tuan| 46| Devamany a/l S. Krishnasamy, Y. B. Dato| 47| Ding Kuong Hiing, Y. B. Tuan| 48| Douglas Uggah Embas, Y. B. Dato Sri| 49| Dzulkefly Ahmad, Y. B. Dr. Haji| 50| Edmund Chong Ket Wah @ Chong Ket Fah, Y. B. Datuk Ir. | 51| Enchin bin Majimbun @ Eric, Y. B. Datuk| 52| Er Teck Hwa, Y. B. Tuan| 53| Fadillah bin Haji Yusof, Y. B. Tuan Haji| 54| Fong Chan Onn, Y. B. Tan Sri Datuk Seri Dr. | 55| Fong Kui Lun, Y. B. Tuan| 56| Fong Po Kuan, Y. B. Puan| 57| Fuziah binti Sal leh, Y. B. Puan Hajah| 58| Gobalakrishnan a/l Nagapan, Y. B. Tuan| 59| Gobind Singh Deo, Y. B. Tuan| 60| Gwo-Burne Loh, Y. B. Tuan| 61| Halimah binti Mohd Sadique, Y. B. Datuk| 62| Hamim bin Samuri, Y. B. Tuan Ir. Haji| 63| Hamzah Zainudin, Y. B. Datuk| 64| Hasan bin Malek, Y. B. Dato Haji| 65| Hasbi bin Habibollah, Y. B. Tuan Haji| 66| Hee Loy Sian, Y. B. Tuan| 67| Henry Sum Agong, Y. B. Dato| 68| Hiew King Cheu, Y. B. Tuan Dr. | 69| Hishammuddin bin Tun Hussein, Y. B. Dato Seri| 70| Hou Kok Chung, Y. B. Dr. | 71| Ibrahim Ali, Y. B. Dato| 72| Idris bin Haji Haron, Y. B. Datuk Ir. Haji| 73| Ismail bin Haji Abd Muttalib, Y. B. Dato Haji| 74| Ismail bin Haji Mohamed Said, Y. B. Dato Haji| 75| Ismail bin Kasim, Y. B. Dato| 76| Ismail Sabri bin Yaakob, Y. B. Dato Sri| 77| Jacob Dungau Sagan, Y. B. Dato| 8| Jamaludin bin Dato Mohd Jarjis, Y. B. Datuk Seri Dr. Haji| 79| James Dawos Mamit, Y. B. Dato Dr. | 80| Jelaing Anak Mersat, Y. B. Tuan| 81| Johari bin Abdul, Y. B. Dato| 82| John a /l Fernandez, Y. B Tuan| 83| Joseph Entulu Anak Belaun, Y. B. Datuk| 84| Joseph Kurup, Y. B. Tan Sri Datuk Seri Panglima| 85| Joseph Pairin Kitingan, Y. B. Tan Sri Datuk Seri| 86| Joseph Salang Anak Gandum, Y. B. Dato| 87| Juslie Ajirol, Y. B. Datuk| 88| Kamarudin bin Jaffar, Y. B. Dato Haji| 89| Kamarul Baharin bin Abbas, Y. B. Dato| 90| Karpal Singh a/l Ram Singh, Y. B. Tuan| 91| Khairy Jamaluddin, Y. B. Tuan| 92| Khalid bin Abd Samad, Y. B. Tuan| 93| Kong Cho Ha, Y. B. Dato Seri| 4| Lajim bin Haji Ukin, Y. B. Datuk Seri Panglima Haji| 95| Lee Boon Chye, Y. B. Dr. | 96| Lee Chee Leong, Y. B. Dato| 97| Liang Teck Meng, Y. B. Tuan| 98| Liew Chin Tong, Y. B. Tuan| 99| Liew Vui Keong, Y. B. Datuk| 100| Lilah bin Yasin, Y. B. Dato| 101| Lim Guan Eng, Y. B. Tuan| 102| Lim Kit Siang, Y. B. Tuan| 103| Lim Lip Eng, Y. B. Tuan| 104| Liow Tiong Lai, Y. B. Dato Sri| 105| Lo Lo binti Hj Mohamad Ghazali, Y. B. Dr. | 106| Loke Siew Fook, Y. B. Tuan| 107| M. Kulasegaran, Y. B. Tuan| 108| M. Sarav anan, Y. B. Datuk| 109| Mahfuz bin Haji Omar, Y. B. Dato Haji| 110| Makin @ Marcus Mojigoh, Y. B. Datuk Dr. | 111| Manikavasagam a/l Sundaram, Y. B. Tuan| 12| Manogaran a/l Marimuthu, Y. B. Tuan| 113| Masir Anak Kujat, Y. B. Tuan| 114| Matulidi bin Jusoh, Y. B. Tuan| 115| Maximus @ Johnity Ongkili, Y. B. Datuk Seri Dr. | 116| Md Sirat bin Abu, Y. B. Datuk| 117| Micheal Jeyakumar Devaraj, Y. B. Dr. | 118| Mohamad bin Haji Aziz, Y. B. Datuk Haji| 119| Mohamad Shahrum bin Osman, Y. B. Dato Dr. | 120| Mohamed Azmin bin Ali, Y. B. Tuan| 121| Mohamed Khaled bin Haji Nordin, Y. B. Dato Seri| 122| Mohamed Nazri bin Tan Sri Abdul Aziz, Y. B. Dato Seri| 123| Mohammad Nizar bin Jamaluddin, Y. B. Dato Seri Ir. | 124| Mohd Abdul Wahid bin Haji Endut, Y. B. Tuan Haji| 125| Mohd Firdaus bin Jaafar, Y. B. Tuan| 26| Mohd Hatta bin Md Ramli, Y. B. Dr. | 127| Mohd Hayati bin Othman, Y. B. Dato Dr. Haji| 128| Mohd Jidin bin Shafee, Y. B. Dato| 129| Mohd Johari bin Baharum, Y. B. Dato Wira| 130| Mohd Na jib bin Tun Abdul Razak, Y. A. B. Dato Sri| 131| Mohd Nasir bin Ibrahim Fikri, Y. B. Datuk| 132| Mohd Nasir bin Zakaria, Y. B. Tuan| 133| Mohd Nizar bin Zakaria, Y. B. Tuan| 134| Mohd Nor bin Othman, Y. B. Tuan Haji| 135| Mohd Puad bin Zarkashi, Y. B. Dr. Hj| 136| Mohd Radzi bin Sheikh Ahmad, Y. B. Dato Seri| 137| Mohd Shafie bin Hj. Apdal, Y. B. Dato Seri Hj. | 138| Mohd Yusmadi bin Mohd Yusoff, Y. B. Tuan| 139| Mohd Zin bin Mohamed, Y. B. Dato Sri Ir. | 40| Mohsin Fadzli bin Haji Samsuri, Y. B. Tuan| 141| Mojilip bin Bumburing @ Wilfred, Y. B. Datuk Seri Panglima| 142| Muhammad bin Husain, Y. B. Tuan| 143| Muhammad Leo Micheal Toyad Abdullah, Y. B. Dato Sri Dr. | 144| Muhyiddin bin Mohd. Yassin, Y. A. B. Tan Sri Dato Haji| 145| Mujahid Yusof Rawa, Y. B. Dr. | 146| Mukhriz bin Tun Dr. Mahathir, Y. B. Dato| 147| Mustapa bin Mohamed, Y. B. Dato Sri| 148| Nancy binti Haji Shukri, Y. B. Puan Hajah| 149| Nasharudin bin Mat Isa, Y. B. Tuan Haji| 150| Ng Yen Yen, Y. B. Dato Sri Dr. | 151| Nga Kor Ming, Y. B. Tuan| 152| Ngeh Koo Ham, Y. B. Dato| 153| Noh bin Haji Omar, Y. B. Dato Seri Haji| 54| Nor Mohamed Yakcop, Y. B. Tan Sri| 155| Norah binti Abdul Rahman, Y. B. Datuk Hajah| 156| Noraini binti Ahmad, Y. B. Dato| 157| Noriah binti Kasnon, Y. B. Puan| 158| Nur Jazlan bin Mohamad, Y. B. Datuk| 159| Nurul Izzah binti Anwar, Y. B. Puan| 160| Ong Ka Chuan, Y. B. Dato Seri| 161| Ong Ka Ting, Y. B. Tan Sri| 162| Ong Tee Keat, Y. B. Dato Sri| 163| Ooi Chuan Aun, Y. B. Tuan| 164| P. Kamalanathan a/l P. Panchanathan, Y. B. Tuan| 165| P. Ramasamy a/l Palanisamy, Y. B. Prof. Dr. | 166| Peter Chin Fah Kui, Y. B. Dato Sri| 167| Rafidah binti Abd. Aziz, Y. B. Tan Sri,| 168| Raime Unggi, Y. B. Datuk| 169| Rais Yatim, Y. B. Dato Seri Utama Dr. | 70| Rashid bin Din, Y. B. Dato| 171| Razali bin Ibrahim, Y. B. Dato| 172| Richard Riot Anak Jaem, Y. B. Datuk| 173| Rohani binti Haji Abd. Karim, Y. B. Datuk Hajah| 174| Ronald Kiandee, Y. B. Datuk| 175| Rosnah binti Haji Abdul Rashid Shirl in, Y. B. Datuk| 176| S. Subramaniam, Y. B. Datuk Dr. | 177| Saifuddin bin Abdullah, Y. B. Dato| 178| Saifuddin Nasution bin Ismail, Y. B. Tuan| 179| Salahuddin bin Haji Ayub, Y. B. Tuan| 180| Salleh bin Kalbi, Y. B. Tuan Haji| 181| Sapawi bin Haji Amat Wasali @ Ahmad, Y. B. Datuk| 182| Shahrir bin Abdul Samad, Y. B. Datuk Seri Utama| 183| Shamsul Anuar bin Nasarah, Y. B. Dato| 184| Shaziman bin Abu Mansor, Y. B. Dato| 85| Sim Tong Him, Y. B. Tuan| 186| Siringan bin Gubat, Y. B. Datuk| 187| Siti Mariah binti Mahmud, Y. B. Dr. Hajah| 188| Siti Zailah binti Mohd Yusoff, Y. B. Puan| 189| Sivarasa a/l K. Rasiah, Y. B. Tuan| 190| Sulaiman Abdul Rahman Taib, Y. B. Dato Sri| 191| Syed Hamid bin Syed Jaafar Albar, Y. B. Tan Sri Datuk Seri| 192| Taib Azamudden bin Md Taib, Y. B. Tuan| 193| Tajuddin bin Abdul Rahman, Y. B. Dato Haji| 194| Tan Ah Eng, Y. B. Puan| 195| Tan Kok Wai, Y. B. Tuan| 196| Tan Lian Hoe, Y. B. Dato| 197| Tan Seng Giaw, Y. B. Dr. | 198| Tan Tee Beng, Y. B. Tuan| 199| Tek hee @Tiki anak Lafe, Y. B. Datuk Dr. | 200| Teng Boon Soon, Y. B. Tuan| 01| Tengku Adnan bin Tengku Mansor, Y. B. Datuk Seri| 202| Tengku Azlan Ibni Almarhum Sultan Abu Bakar, Y. B. Dato Seri| 203| Tengku Razaleigh bin Tengku Hamzah, Y. B. | 204| Teo Nie Ching, Y. B. Puan| 205| Teresa Kok Suh Sim, Y. B. Puan| 206| Tiong King Sing, Y. B. Datuk Seri| 207| Tiong Thai King, Y. B. Datuk| 208| Tony Pua Kiam Wee, Y. B. Tuan| 209| Wan Abd. Rahim bin Wan Abdullah, Y. B. Dato Haji| 210| Wan Junaidi bin Tuanku Jaafar, Y. B. Datuk Dr. | 211| Wee Choo Keong, Y. B. Tuan| 212| Wee Jeck Seng, Y. B. Datuk| 213| Wee Ka Siong, Y. B. Datuk Ir. Dr. | 214| William @ Nyallau Anak Badak, Y. B. Tuan| 215| William Leong Jee Keen, Y. B. Tuan| 216| Wong Ho Leng, Y. B. Tuan| 217| Yong Khoon Seng, Y. B. Dato| 218| Yussof bin Haji Mahal, Y. B. Datuk Haji| 219| Zahrain Mohamed Hashim, Y. B. Dato Seri| 220| Zulhasnan bin Rafique, Y. B. Dato Sri Haji| 221| Zulkifli bin Noordin, Y. B. Tuan| 222| Zuraida binti Kama ruddin, Y. B. Puan Hajah| Members sitting in meeting Senate consist of 90 members (26 elected from 13 states,4 appointed by YDPA federal territories which is Kuala Lumpur ,Putrajaya and Labuan. To be eligible as a member: 1. be a Malaysian citizen; 2. be not less than 30 years old; 3. be of sound mind; 4. not be an undischarged bankrupt; and 5. not have a criminal record The role of the president is to preside over the sittings of the Senate, responsible for the observance of the rules in the Senate, ensure the relevancy of the points raised during the Debate, to interpret the Standing Orders in case of disputes and the decision is final The list of the President YB Dato Haji Abdul Rahman b. Mohamed Yassin 11. 09. 1959 31. 12. 1969 YB Tuan Syed Sheh bin Syed Hassan Barakhah 27. 01. 1969 05-. 02. 1969 YB Dato Haji Mohamad Noah bin Omar 24. 02. 1969 28-07. 1970 YB Tan Sri Haji Abdul Hamid Khan bin Haji Sakhawat Ali Khan 20. 02. 1971 22. 02. 1973 Y. A. Bhg. Tun Datuk Haji Omar Y oke Lin Ong 23. 02. 1973 31. 12. 1980 YB Tan Sri Ismail Khan 05. 01. 1981 13. 04. 1985 YB Tan Sri Datuk Benedict Stephens 15. 04. 985 11. 04. 1988 YB Tan Sri Datuk Abang Haji Ahmad Urai bin Datu Hakim Abang 11. 07. 1988 09-07. 1990 YB Tan Sri Dato Chan Choong Tak 17. 12. 1990 31. 03. 1992 YB Tan Sri Dato Vadiveloo s/o Govindasamy 13. 04. 1992 12. 06. 1995 YB Dato Adam bin Kadir 13. 06. 1995 30. 11. 1996 YB Tan Sri Dato Haji Mohamad bin Yaacob 10. 12. 1996 05. 12. 2000 YB Tan Sri Dato Michael Chen Wing Sum 07. 12. 2000 11. 04. 2003 YB Tan Sri Dato Seri Dr. Abdul Hamid Pawanteh 07. 07. 2003 06. 07. 2009 YB Dato Ir Wong Foon Meng 07. 07. 2009 14. 04. 2010 YB  Tan Sri Abu Zahar bin Dato Nika Ujang 6. 04. 2010 present |   | Members sitting in meeting Members of Parliament is permitted to speak on any subject as the Parliament immunity takes effect from the moment the member is sworn in and only applies when the statement made inside the house. But there are one rules that must be obeyed is never touch the social contract. The Process of the Federal Legislating Process 1st Ministry level will come up with draft proposal after consultation and discussion with related ministries and department under its ministries. 2nd Stamped with the Royal Seal. 3rd The bill that is approved by both Houses will be presented to the YDPA for approval. 4th The bill is presented to the House of Representative or the Senate; 3 readings * 1st reading – the Minister to read the bill * 2nd reading – the principle of the bill will be discussed * 3rd reading – the bill will be discussed at the level of the House Committee (The bill that passed by HOR will be brought to the Senate for approval and goes the same process) 5th The Minister and the officers of his ministry will frame the bill with advice from the Attorney General’s Office. 6th After being agreed by the Cabinet, with or without amendment the bill is printed and presented to Parliament. 7th The Minister will get Cabinet to pass the bill policy explaining the importance of presenting it in Parliament. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Cabinet and Legislative of Malaysia" essay for you Create order

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Susan Shapiro, Director Of Personal And The Plant Manager

If I were Susan Shapiro, I would continue to campaign to change the benzene drying process by contacting the upper management, including the president of the company, to stop the process and protect employees. Susan Shapiro and a large group of employees will benefit from the continuing efforts to change benzene drying process. Susan was able to take the first step to help employees who are working in the drying shed. This is all about the achieving the self-satisfaction. Moreover, the workers will gain advantages such as: a better working environment, health, and reduced workload. Other groups that will benefit from Susan’s actions are: Foreman, Director of personal and the plant manager. This group will gain the trust of the employees. Additionally, the owner of the company will benefit by increasing the level of the company reputation as a result of creating a better environment for the health benefits of all the employees. As result, this create an opportunity to have more products with better quality as a result of the impact of motivated employees and the new technology. This may attract investors by showcasing that the company follows the OSHA standards carefully and precisel y. The company may face a number of difficulties to change the process and incur some cost of changing the process. The new process may not be as efficient as the previous one. Therefore, organization is harmed in the process of making changes. Those changes are could be beneficial for the companyShow MoreRelatedEbooks Solution Manuals and Test Banks for Text Books19223 Words   |  77 Pagesprovide you requested data.   =============================================================== Jr. 12 Solution Manual  ¡Arriba! Comunicacià ³n y cultura Student Edition by Eduardo ZayasBazà ¡n,Susan M. Bacon 5 Instructor’s Resource Manual  ¡Arriba! Comunicacià ³n y cultura Student Edition by Eduardo ZayasBazà ¡n,Susan M. Bacon 5 Test Bank A Concise Introduction to Logic by Patrick J. Hurley 11 Test Bank A First Course in the Finite Element Method by Daryl L. Logan 5 Instructor’s Solution Manual A PeopleRead MoreHbr When Your Core Business Is Dying74686 Words   |  299 PagesSull and Charles Spinosa The most vexing leadership challenges stem from broken or poorly crafted commitments between employees and colleagues, customers, or other stakeholders. To overcome such problems and foster a productive, reliable workforce, managers must cultivate and coordinate promises in a systematic way. 66 90 The Leadership Team: Complementary Strengths or Conï ¬â€šicting Agendas? Stephen A. Miles and Michael D. 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Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Infant Mortality in Kenya Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Infant Mortality in Kenya. Answer: Introduction: Infant mortality can be considered as one of the most challenging health concerns in the lower income countries, and the burden of the infant mortality is reflected on the general health status of the population or community. There are a myriad of external and internal factors that govern the patterns of infant mortality in a given community or population, and the impact of these factors cumulatively contribute to a considerable burden on the overall health scenario of a community (1). On a more elaborative note, it has to be mentioned in this context, that high rate of mortality in a particular population domain has intricate links with the socio-economic condition of the concerned population. Hence in case of the lower income countries, the impact of the low socio-economic background on the health status is reflected crucially as mortality burden. This assignment will attempt to explore the infant mortality in Kenya, the contributing factors, current scenario, government initiative s and recommendations to improve the scenario. Infant mortality in Kenya: In the past couple of decades, a number of public health priorities across nations have been identified and characterized so that a set of developmental goals can be designed and implemented. The millennium developmental goals have been one such example of public health prevention and promotion strategy targeted at all the key health priorities across the globe, emphasizing on the developing countries. The ghastly rate of mortality in the children belonging to the age group of 0-5 amongst different lower income countries have raised concerns among the global health authorities and as a result reducing the child mortality have been identified as one of the key millennium developmental goals almost two decades ago (2). Despite that fact, the condition of infant mortality has not changed as drastically as expected in most of the lower income countries (3). For instance, Kenya has been a country with a massive infant mortality statistics since the 1990s. Based on the statistical data ava ilable on the infant mortality trend in Kenya, in the 1990s the rate of infant mortality had been more than 100 for every 1000 live births across the nation. The colossal rate of infant mortality has decreased considerably from what it had been in the past couple of years. Elaborating more, in the year 2014 the rate of infant mortality per 1000 live births had decreased to 37, which is undoubtedly a commendable change. However, it must not escape notice that according to the millennium developmental goals, the rate of infant mortality per 1000 live births is 30. Hence the rate is still above the permitted limit and there is need for better preventative and promotional strategies to be implemented to improve the present situation. However in order to bridge the gaps that have been left behind in the initiatives taken to improve the infant mortality statistics, it is crucially important to discover the key contributing factors. Considering the socio-economic status of the most of the population in Kenya, the income status differs greatly among the urbanized and rural areas. Hence, the child health outcomes also represent a similar disparity among the urban and rural areas. Considering the child birth statistics of both the demographics in Kenya, the rate of children delivered in a hospital facility is 75% in the urban areas where as the rate is ghastly low at 35% in the rural areas. Hence, the inaccessibility of health care facility at the time of birth in the rural areas can be considered an influential contributing factor behind the still high infant mortality in the rural areas. Another very important factor associated with high infant mortality in the rural areas of Kenya is the considerably higher rate of child malnutrition in Kenya. According to the recent statistics, the number of children going through malnutrition in rural Kenya is 15% higher than that in the urbanized areas. Along with that, the lower socio-economic status of the residents in the rural areas is also reflected on the maternal health and nutrition statistics. Inevitably, the low birth weight during birth, which is another risk factor for infant mortality, is much more frequently observed in the rural or slum areas. Furthermore, there are a number of essential vaccinations that protect the new born children from a lot of deadly diseases, however in the rural Kenya the percentage of newborn infants receiving the necessary vaccinations is approximately 8% lesser than the statistics of urbanized regions in Kenya. However, considering the infant mortality statistics in the urbanized slums, the living conditions like poor water and extreme lack of hygiene has contributed to a much higher rate of maternal mortality and i nfant mortality (4). Hence on the basis of the above mentioned statistical data, it can be concluded that the infant mortality rates have decreased noticeably from the past decade in Kenya however the rate of infant mortality in the rural areas and urbanized slums is still considerably higher. The considerable contributing factors behind the discontinued pattern of decrease in infant mortality in the rural and urbanized slums identified are the low socio-economic status and the resultant living conditions of the individuals (5). Along with that the absolute lack of health literacy or any knowledge regarding the health promotional activities required for maintaining the health and safety of the newborn child and the mother is another key contributor in the still high statistics of infant mortality in Kenya. Current approaches to reduce mortality: Despite the still predominating socio-economic determinants, there have been a number of key preventative initiatives have been taken over the years in attempt to reduce the rate of child mortality. Both the government and non-government approaches have identified the poor delivery of both bilateral and multilateral health services in the rural and slum areas of Kenya. According to the most of the non-government bodies working on the objective of reducing the child mortality in Kenya, the four key areas of concern recognized have been poverty, inaccessibility of health services, poor health literacy in the mothers and demographical remoteness which only applies to remote rural areas of Kenya (6). A few considerable approaches that have been taken in order to improve the infant mortality rates include the UNICEF funded program in the name of reducing maternal and newborn deaths in Kenya. This program had been designed and is being implemented with the collaborative co-operation betwee n UNICEF Kenya and the Liverpool school of tropical medicine. The budget allocation for this program had been close to 75 million Euros. The main objectives behind the program had been to improve and broaden the accessibility of maternal health services to all the socio-economic sectors of the society in Kenya regardless of the demographical or economic restrictions of the individuals (7). Another considerable strategy that has been implemented in order to improve the infant mortality scenario of the Kenya had been the community health strategy of Kenya, a government strategy that attempted to reduce the burden of health fees to encourage the low SES individuals to seek out maternal care services. However, it has to be mentioned in this context that there had been few fundamental flaws in both the design and implementation of the preventative strategies, and hence, and these flaws in the initiatives can have directly resulted in the discontinued pattern of reduction in the infant mortality rates across different demographics and socio-economic sectors. The exemption of health care fees has not been completely effective with few of the hidden costs still present restricting the low SES sector from seeking out maternal care. Along with that, there have been little efforts on educating the new mothers belonging to the low SES sector of rural or slum areas, which is anothe r reason behind the lack of consistent improvement of the condition (8). Recommendation: The community health strategy that had been incorporated in the Kenya had been targeted at the better accessibility of the health care services for the newly born. However, as mentioned above there are a number of challenges that needs to be addressed in order to achieve the goal that has been set for meeting the millennial development goal of reducing child mortality. The first and foremost strategy should emphasize on better resource allocation for the government strategies, the funds for the free maternal care services have been identified to be retained in the national level only. Hence, there is need for a monitoring program that oversees the fund allotment and distributions among the rural or remote centers (9). Another very important strategic steps that needs to be taken by the government to overcome the challenges that are still prevailing in the rural or remote sectors, is to improve both accessibility and availability of the services. There is an alarming lack of well-staffed health care facilities in the rural areas. A robust health management strategy with adequate funding and employment from the government end can improve (10). In order to improve the lack of health literacy and knowledge, there is need for health that is more inclusive promotional campaigning and workshops in the rural or remote areas. By implementing this, the target population gets the opportunity to understand the maternal and neonatal benefits and health packages in place including free vaccination, free primary care and free throughout pregnancy, and avail those care programs and are benefitted (11). Lastly, the discrimination between different socio-economic classes also needs to be obliterated for the backward or low-income individuals can also get the opportunity to avail necessary pre- and post-birth maternal care. Assistance from the non-government agencies in arranging maternal health promotional workshops for the undereducated and backward women so that improved health behaviors can be incorporated in their lifestyle that can potentially improve the infant and maternal mortality scenario in the rural or slum areas of Kenya (12). On a concluding note, the astounding improvement in the infant mortality statistics by Kenya has to be appreciated but there still are gaps left behind in the initiatives taken by the government and non-government bodies. The most of the challenges are mostly centered on the rural and slum areas with low SES population and lower standards of living. However with more reasonable strategic actions theses challenges can be overcome and Kenya could be hoped to achieve the millennium development goal of reducing the millennium developmental goals. References: Demombynes G, Trommlerov SK. What has driven the decline of infant mortality in Kenya in the 2000s?. Economics Human Biology. 2016 May 31;21:17-32. Mutunga CJ. Environmental determinants of child mortality in Kenya. InHealth Inequality and Development 2011 (pp. 89-110). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Pathania V. The impact of malaria control on infant mortality in Kenya. Economic Development and Cultural Change. 2014 Feb 7;62(3):459-87. Kimani-Murage EW, Fotso JC, Egondi T, Abuya B, Elungata P, Ziraba AK, Kabiru CW, Madise N. Trends in childhood mortality in Kenya: the urban advantage has seemingly been wiped out. Health place. 2014 Sep 1;29:95-103. Bardaj A, Sigauque B, Sanz S, Maixenchs M, Ordi J, Aponte JJ, Mabunda S, Alonso PL, Menndez C. Impact of malaria at the end of pregnancy on infant mortality and morbidity. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2011 Jan 3;203(5):691-9. Wafula SW, Ikamari LD, KOyugi BO. In search for an explanation to the upsurge in infant mortality in Kenya during the 19882003 period. BMC public health. 2012 Jun 18;12(1):441. Kudamatsu M. Has democratization reduced infant mortality in sub-Saharan Africa? Evidence from micro data. Journal of the European Economic Association. 2012 Dec 1;10(6):1294-317. Hamel MJ, Adazu K, Obor D, Sewe M, Vulule J, Williamson JM, Slutsker L, Feikin DR, Laserson KF. A reversal in reductions of child mortality in western Kenya, 20032009. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene. 2011 Oct 1;85(4):597-605. Rico E, Fenn B, Abramsky T, Watts C. Associations between maternal experiences of intimate partner violence and child nutrition and mortality: findings from Demographic and Health Surveys in Egypt, Honduras, Kenya, Malawi and Rwanda. Journal of Epidemiology Community Health. 2011 Apr 1;65(4):360-7. Kudamatsu M, Persson T, Strmberg D. Weather and infant mortality in Africa. Ettarh RR, Kimani J. Determinants of under-five mortality in rural and urban Kenya. Rural Remote Health. 2012 Mar 13;12:1812. Ombok M, Adazu K, Odhiambo F, Bayoh N, Kiriinya R, Slutsker L, Hamel MJ, Williamson J, Hightower A, Laserson KF, Feikin DR. Geospatial distribution and determinants of child mortality in rural western Kenya 20022005. Tropical Medicine International Health. 2010 Apr 1;15(4):423-33.

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

Information technology essay free essay sample

Communications is defined as the process of sending and receiving information from one person to another. Communications Technology is all the systems we use when we communicate, this technology helps us to communicate without the need to be face – to – face with each other. This includes telephone, radio, television, computers and mobile phones. Mobile phones and telephones can be defined as the process when two people are making a conversation over a phone away from each other, this method has become very popular nowadays, for example the new iPhone. Computers help us to communicate online, we use internet to socialise with our friends. Television is able to broadcast different programs and shows that we can watch. Radio keeps us up to date with everything happening around us, we can hear news through radio. My chosen topic of communications technology is computers. Computer is a device which is able to store, retrieve, process and change data and it is also widely used to go online. We will write a custom essay sample on Information technology essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For a computer to work properly it needs hardware, software and input. A computer hardware includes all the physical features your computer has, in the inside or the outside of a computer. A software is anything that you install on your computer, it can be your internet explorer or your operating system. A computer cannot work on its own, this is when we provide data on the computer, this creates input, and then the computer provides us with output. There are five generations of computers, these have changed dramatically over time because of new technology invented. First generation computers were founded in 1940 and ended in 1956. These computers used vacuum tubes to run. They could fill the whole room and needed a lot of electricity, this created problems as these computers would heat up very easily. An example is ENIAC computer founded by John Presper Eckert and John W. Mauchly. Second generation computers (1956 1963) saw the introduction of transistors. Computers run faster because a transistor is a device that controls the heat in the computer. In 1964 Computers used integrated circuits that could hold thousands of transistors. Fourth generation computers started in 1971 are the ones we use today. Microprocessors were invented to store all the functions of a computer in a single chip. Also laptops were introduced which changed the way we use computers today. Fifth generation computers are still in development. We can already see some of  the fifth generation computer features, like voice recognition and cloud sharing. Some of the advantages of using a computer are: Saves money – Computers allowed us to communicate over a distance, as we don’t need to travel long distances just to make a conversation with someone. Another great way of communicating over a distance is using Skype, it lets you make calls anywhere in the world from your computer. Internet – You can access the World Wide Web via the internet. This allows you to keep up with your friends online through social networking sites like Facebook. Through internet you can also advertise online, this helps you create a new business idea or helps your existing business to develop more. Education Students have an advantage when using a computer, as they can easily type an essay, and make necessary changes without spoiling the essay. Microsoft Word has helped develop writing skills for students. Online courses are also available when using a computer. Disadvantages of using a computer: Addiction – People who tend to use computer too much have a risk of becoming addicted to it. This is mainly because people have access to Internet and they get exposed to different websites. There is an increased number of people getting addicted to social networking. Online games also are becoming very addictive, especially among children. Security – A computer can easily get a virus from any untrusted website or a hacker can get access to your personal information. Every computer should have an antivirus installed for protection against viruses. There are also a lot of security features installed already on our computer, like Firewall. Health problems – A big disadvantage is that your health worsens if you spend too much time on the computer. More and more people have computer vision syndrome, which makes your vision blurry. Your nervous system is also affected, and this results in brain not functioning properly. Communication Technology has a huge impact on both out personal, business and social life. Socialising with friends is made easier because of the technology invented. You can access any website online. Also technology has a big impact on our relationships, this has created a lot of problems because some people don’t realise how much they use a computer, this results in computer addiction and we no longer have time to meet our friends. We spend more time on Facebook than  actually talking to someone face to face. At work we use technology all the time, this helps us to get everything done on time, but there is also more stress due to increases work load when using a computer. There are a lot of new job opportunities available because of technology, we are able to make international business calls and advertise our products online. The downside for technology at work is that we become more distracted. Imagine if you are having a conversation with your boss and suddenly your phone is ringing. There is also legislation related to communications technology, Data Protection Act 1988 states that you have a right to store, change or access any personal data stored on the computer. This information should be kept private. This law also states that any information you give out to someone should be correct, you cannot provide false information about yourself. Another important legislation relating to communications technology is health and safety at work. Every business should ensure that everyone has a safe area to work at. Technology needs to be updated to make sure that accidents don’t happen, for example if your computer is connected to a faulty electricity it can cause your computer to blow up. Copyright Act 2000 was introduced to help protect your information. When you are copying someone else’s work and passing it on as your own you are committing plagiarism. You are exposed to copyright when you publish something online as a lot of people may have access to this information.

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

The Industrial Revolutions The Effects On Europe free essay sample

The Industrial Revolutions: The Effectss On Europe And The World Essay, Research Paper The Industrial Revolution affected life in Europe during the nineteenth century really greatly. Cities in Great Britain were turning quickly, this was known as urbanisation. Many metropoliss such as Glasgow and Berlin more than doubled in size. The Industrial Revolution was holding a positive affect on Great Britain. From the outpour of people into metropoliss looking for work, things were so quickly paced that there was no order in these metropoliss. Unsanitary and insecure edifices were being built all over to home all of the workers. There was less than equal instruction and constabulary protection for the ever-growing population. Many people had to populate in shelters due to the deficiency of lodging ; many households lived in a individual room. Many people died of cholera from the hapless life and on the job conditions. The chief end that mill proprietors wanted was to maintain their production a changeless, working for the better portion of a twenty-four hours. We will write a custom essay sample on The Industrial Revolutions The Effects On Europe or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Since the proprietors wanted to salvage every bit much money as possible, the mills were seldom cleaned or good illuminated. Coalmines posed the biggest danger from the changeless inspiration of coal dust and the prostration of the mines. Workers had a life anticipation 10 old ages less than of another worker. Even though the Industrial revolution brought jobs to life rapidly, through the long tally a figure of positive effects arose. It provided occupations for workers and it aided in technological advancement and innovation. It raised the criterion of life from increased production of good and it in the betterment in people? s lives. Better lodging and cheaper mass-produced vesture helped people go healthier. From the strong demand of applied scientist? s and professional workers, instruction became really profuse. For the lower category workers of the Industrial Revolution, their life easy but certainly improved during the nineteenth century, through gaining higher rewards, shorter hours, and improved on the job conditions. The Industrial Revolution was really successful in its long-run consequence on European life in the nineteenth century. Al though its start was sulky for most common mans, they finally were able to profit from machinery and there speedy production. Many more innovations and solutions to every twenty-four hours jobs with supply and demand were on the manner from the start of this epoch.

Sunday, November 24, 2019

buy custom Effects of Using Instructional Technology in Schools essay

buy custom Effects of Using Instructional Technology in Schools essay In recent times, issues regarding education in the American federal states have attracted considerable debate in policy agenda (Kulik, 2003). This has followed the realization by the national government that the states have been insufficiently preparing students, sometimes right from elementary schools, with vulnerable/marginalized ones bearing the greatest brunt. Kulik (2003) notes that the concerns of the long term socio-economic as well as political implications that miss-ups portend have driven these debates and measures that games play in learning are being emphasized. According to him, the use of games mediated with technology, such as video games, are particularly becoming crucial component in education in American schools and other countries in relation to performance improvement. Despite these realities, some schools dont have the capacity to exploit or possess, yet it is verifiable that teachers employing games in learning have positive outcomes, particularly in Science sub jects and Mathematics (Kulik, 2003). The use of Integrated Learning Systems in (ILSs) Mathematics by Pre-school teachers is one area worth examining. Kulik (2003) observes that studies have shown that scores in Mathematics and Science subjects are often higher in with pupils taught by ILS. More interestingly, for studies that focused exclusively on mathematics, the performance is often much higher when ILS was exclusively designed to measure performance in mathematics, but lower when instructions were divided to deal with reading and mathematics alike. Further, computer games tend to be simulative. Kulik affirms that whenever these games are used, they give pupils the theoretical understanding and highly simplified strategies to relate mathematics and sciences to the real world. In a way, these prepare the students/pupils for future learning endeavors as they further their education. Regardless of studies showing that the scale is lower, Kulik believes that simulation methods using computer mediated games as well as oth er games remain helpful in preparing and equipping students with practical skills (Kulik, 2003). In sum, using games particularly those bordering on technology brings good results in education. In any case, the creation of fruitful citizens, who are not only better prepared for further education and later meaningful employment, should be the focus of educational stakeholders if responding to the needs of the universal marketplace is something to prioritize. Buy custom Effects of Using Instructional Technology in Schools essay

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Film Noir Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Film Noir - Essay Example The term was initially coined by Nino Frank, who described a highly stylized form of movies that Hollywood began producing following the wars and the Great Depression. The movies primarily revolved around criminal investigations and had a very dark tone. Some examples of Film Noir include The Set up and the Big Sleeper. Among some contemporary examples are Twelve Monkeys and Seven. Before Film Noir transcended into a distinctive genre, such movies were largely referred to as ‘melodramas’. Film Noir is primarily characterized by dark visual that matches the theme and the plot of the movie. D.O.A is one of the best examples of a Film Noir as it embodies all characteristics and elements of one. The movie is about a man who is slow-poisoned by a group of unknown and has only a small amount in which he must find out why was he killed and the people who were behind it. The plot to kill him is unusual and it contains a thrilling investigation that eventually unravels the elabor ate intrigue that surrounds his death. The overall tone is quite dark and it shows some gaping flaws within in human beings, who are willing to kill anyone in order to conceal their own crimes. Even the characters and plot twists are somewhat cliched within the framework of this genre. For instance, the storyline is always centered on a criminal activity, mostly murder and its subsequent investigation that is carried out by cynical protagonist, usually a thick-skinned detective or a victim of circumstances, like the protagonist in D.O.A., who is forced to confront some of personal conflicts through the investigation of the case. The visual cues are adequate to classify D.O.A. as Film Noir; besides the color tone, the camera angles also play an integral part in building up the tension and to maximizing the suspense. The movie starts off with the camera following a man, who is walking into the police department. The man is the protagonist named Frank Bigelow trudging the police depart ment to report his own murder. This is a classic cinematic stunt employed by the filmmaker, there is suspense from the beginning and the unconventional plot twist is ostensible as the man is trying to report his own murder. The camera angle largely alternates between low angle and a Dutch tilt. The latter involves a titled camera shot, which shows the distress or the psychological turmoil of the characters, whereas the former shot is taken from below the eye line, which is meant to take a full-length shot of the character, while skillful concealing eye contact that enhances the mysterious persona of each character (Conard and Porfiro 135-137). Even the DOA includes many lower angle shots, whereby the mystery surrounding the character is amplified. These shots intensify the character’s emotions that are being projected to the audience; as mystery and suspense serve as the core cinematic elements, only camera shots that are known to obscure part of the character’s face a re incorporated by the filmmakers. As a matter of fact, Film Noir is vastly known for using unusual camera angles and special effects that underline the dark and gloomy tone of the story. The narrative structure of Film Noir has very distinct features, which sets it apart from other genres. The entire D.O.A. is told through Bigelow’s flashbacks, as he relates to the officers the perils he goes through in order to find his killers. It switches back and forth to provide the back-story of Bigelow and also showed the actual events that triggered the conflict of the story. Almost all noirs are popular for not following any chronological pattern in its narratives and the flow is often disrupted by the flash-backs and forwards, which is